dwm

my build of dwm
git clone git://giovanniamaral.com/dwm
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dwm.c (57517B)


      1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
      2  *
      3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
      4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
      5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
      6  * events about window (dis-)appearance. Only one X connection at a time is
      7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
      8  *
      9  * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
     10  * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
     11  * in O(1) time.
     12  *
     13  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
     14  * set the override_redirect flag. Clients are organized in a linked client
     15  * list on each monitor, the focus history is remembered through a stack list
     16  * on each monitor. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
     17  * client.
     18  *
     19  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
     20  *
     21  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
     22  */
     23 #include <errno.h>
     24 #include <locale.h>
     25 #include <signal.h>
     26 #include <stdarg.h>
     27 #include <stdio.h>
     28 #include <stdlib.h>
     29 #include <string.h>
     30 #include <unistd.h>
     31 #include <sys/types.h>
     32 #include <sys/wait.h>
     33 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
     34 #include <X11/keysym.h>
     35 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
     36 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
     37 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
     38 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
     39 #ifdef XINERAMA
     40 #include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
     41 #endif /* XINERAMA */
     42 #include <X11/Xft/Xft.h>
     43 #include <X11/Xlib-xcb.h>
     44 #include <xcb/res.h>
     45 #ifdef __OpenBSD__
     46 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
     47 #include <kvm.h>
     48 #endif /* __OpenBSD */
     49 
     50 #include "drw.h"
     51 #include "util.h"
     52 
     53 /* macros */
     54 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
     55 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask) & (ShiftMask|ControlMask|Mod1Mask|Mod2Mask|Mod3Mask|Mod4Mask|Mod5Mask))
     56 #define INTERSECT(x,y,w,h,m)    (MAX(0, MIN((x)+(w),(m)->wx+(m)->ww) - MAX((x),(m)->wx)) \
     57                                * MAX(0, MIN((y)+(h),(m)->wy+(m)->wh) - MAX((y),(m)->wy)))
     58 #define ISVISIBLE(C)            ((C->tags & C->mon->tagset[C->mon->seltags]))
     59 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
     60 #define WIDTH(X)                ((X)->w + 2 * (X)->bw)
     61 #define HEIGHT(X)               ((X)->h + 2 * (X)->bw)
     62 #define TAGMASK                 ((1 << LENGTH(tags)) - 1)
     63 #define TEXTW(X)                (drw_fontset_getwidth(drw, (X)) + lrpad)
     64 
     65 /* enums */
     66 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast }; /* cursor */
     67 enum { SchemeNorm, SchemeSel }; /* color schemes */
     68 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetWMState, NetWMCheck,
     69        NetWMFullscreen, NetActiveWindow, NetWMWindowType,
     70        NetWMWindowTypeDialog, NetClientList, NetLast }; /* EWMH atoms */
     71 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMTakeFocus, WMLast }; /* default atoms */
     72 enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
     73        ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast }; /* clicks */
     74 
     75 typedef union {
     76 	int i;
     77 	unsigned int ui;
     78 	float f;
     79 	const void *v;
     80 } Arg;
     81 
     82 typedef struct {
     83 	unsigned int click;
     84 	unsigned int mask;
     85 	unsigned int button;
     86 	void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
     87 	const Arg arg;
     88 } Button;
     89 
     90 typedef struct Monitor Monitor;
     91 typedef struct Client Client;
     92 struct Client {
     93 	char name[256];
     94 	float mina, maxa;
     95 	int x, y, w, h;
     96 	int oldx, oldy, oldw, oldh;
     97 	int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh, hintsvalid;
     98 	int bw, oldbw;
     99 	unsigned int tags;
    100 	int isfixed, isfloating, isurgent, neverfocus, oldstate, isfullscreen, isterminal, noswallow;
    101 	pid_t pid;
    102 	Client *next;
    103 	Client *snext;
    104 	Client *swallowing;
    105 	Monitor *mon;
    106 	Window win;
    107 };
    108 
    109 typedef struct {
    110 	unsigned int mod;
    111 	KeySym keysym;
    112 	void (*func)(const Arg *);
    113 	const Arg arg;
    114 } Key;
    115 
    116 typedef struct {
    117 	const char *symbol;
    118 	void (*arrange)(Monitor *);
    119 } Layout;
    120 
    121 struct Monitor {
    122 	char ltsymbol[16];
    123 	float mfact;
    124 	int nmaster;
    125 	int num;
    126 	int by;               /* bar geometry */
    127 	int mx, my, mw, mh;   /* screen size */
    128 	int wx, wy, ww, wh;   /* window area  */
    129 	unsigned int seltags;
    130 	unsigned int sellt;
    131 	unsigned int tagset[2];
    132 	int showbar;
    133 	int topbar;
    134 	Client *clients;
    135 	Client *sel;
    136 	Client *stack;
    137 	Monitor *next;
    138 	Window barwin;
    139 	const Layout *lt[2];
    140 };
    141 
    142 typedef struct {
    143 	const char *class;
    144 	const char *instance;
    145 	const char *title;
    146 	unsigned int tags;
    147 	int isfloating;
    148 	int isterminal;
    149 	int noswallow;
    150 	int monitor;
    151 } Rule;
    152 
    153 /* function declarations */
    154 static void applyrules(Client *c);
    155 static int applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, int interact);
    156 static void arrange(Monitor *m);
    157 static void arrangemon(Monitor *m);
    158 static void attach(Client *c);
    159 static void attachstack(Client *c);
    160 static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
    161 static void checkotherwm(void);
    162 static void cleanup(void);
    163 static void cleanupmon(Monitor *mon);
    164 static void clientmessage(XEvent *e);
    165 static void configure(Client *c);
    166 static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
    167 static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
    168 static Monitor *createmon(void);
    169 static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
    170 static void detach(Client *c);
    171 static void detachstack(Client *c);
    172 static Monitor *dirtomon(int dir);
    173 static void drawbar(Monitor *m);
    174 static void drawbars(void);
    175 static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
    176 static void expose(XEvent *e);
    177 static void focus(Client *c);
    178 static void focusin(XEvent *e);
    179 static void focusmon(const Arg *arg);
    180 static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
    181 static Atom getatomprop(Client *c, Atom prop);
    182 static int getrootptr(int *x, int *y);
    183 static long getstate(Window w);
    184 static int gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
    185 static void grabbuttons(Client *c, int focused);
    186 static void grabkeys(void);
    187 static void incnmaster(const Arg *arg);
    188 static void keypress(XEvent *e);
    189 static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
    190 static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
    191 static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
    192 static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
    193 static void monocle(Monitor *m);
    194 static void motionnotify(XEvent *e);
    195 static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
    196 static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
    197 static void pop(Client *c);
    198 static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
    199 static void quit(const Arg *arg);
    200 static Monitor *recttomon(int x, int y, int w, int h);
    201 static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, int interact);
    202 static void resizeclient(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h);
    203 static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
    204 static void restack(Monitor *m);
    205 static void run(void);
    206 static void scan(void);
    207 static int sendevent(Client *c, Atom proto);
    208 static void sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m);
    209 static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
    210 static void setfocus(Client *c);
    211 static void setfullscreen(Client *c, int fullscreen);
    212 static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
    213 static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
    214 static void setup(void);
    215 static void seturgent(Client *c, int urg);
    216 static void showhide(Client *c);
    217 static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
    218 static void tag(const Arg *arg);
    219 static void tagmon(const Arg *arg);
    220 static void tile(Monitor *m);
    221 static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
    222 static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
    223 static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
    224 static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
    225 static void unfocus(Client *c, int setfocus);
    226 static void unmanage(Client *c, int destroyed);
    227 static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
    228 static void updatebarpos(Monitor *m);
    229 static void updatebars(void);
    230 static void updateclientlist(void);
    231 static int updategeom(void);
    232 static void updatenumlockmask(void);
    233 static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
    234 static void updatestatus(void);
    235 static void updatetitle(Client *c);
    236 static void updatewindowtype(Client *c);
    237 static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
    238 static void view(const Arg *arg);
    239 static Client *wintoclient(Window w);
    240 static Monitor *wintomon(Window w);
    241 static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
    242 static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
    243 static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
    244 static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
    245 
    246 static pid_t getparentprocess(pid_t p);
    247 static int isdescprocess(pid_t p, pid_t c);
    248 static Client *swallowingclient(Window w);
    249 static Client *termforwin(const Client *c);
    250 static pid_t winpid(Window w);
    251 
    252 /* variables */
    253 static const char broken[] = "broken";
    254 static char stext[256];
    255 static int screen;
    256 static int sw, sh;           /* X display screen geometry width, height */
    257 static int bh;               /* bar height */
    258 static int lrpad;            /* sum of left and right padding for text */
    259 static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
    260 static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
    261 static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
    262 	[ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
    263 	[ClientMessage] = clientmessage,
    264 	[ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
    265 	[ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
    266 	[DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
    267 	[EnterNotify] = enternotify,
    268 	[Expose] = expose,
    269 	[FocusIn] = focusin,
    270 	[KeyPress] = keypress,
    271 	[MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
    272 	[MapRequest] = maprequest,
    273 	[MotionNotify] = motionnotify,
    274 	[PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
    275 	[UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
    276 };
    277 static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
    278 static int running = 1;
    279 static Cur *cursor[CurLast];
    280 static Clr **scheme;
    281 static Display *dpy;
    282 static Drw *drw;
    283 static Monitor *mons, *selmon;
    284 static Window root, wmcheckwin;
    285 
    286 static xcb_connection_t *xcon;
    287 
    288 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
    289 #include "config.h"
    290 
    291 /* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
    292 struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[LENGTH(tags) > 31 ? -1 : 1]; };
    293 
    294 /* function implementations */
    295 void
    296 applyrules(Client *c)
    297 {
    298 	const char *class, *instance;
    299 	unsigned int i;
    300 	const Rule *r;
    301 	Monitor *m;
    302 	XClassHint ch = { NULL, NULL };
    303 
    304 	/* rule matching */
    305 	c->isfloating = 0;
    306 	c->tags = 0;
    307 	XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
    308 	class    = ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : broken;
    309 	instance = ch.res_name  ? ch.res_name  : broken;
    310 
    311 	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
    312 		r = &rules[i];
    313 		if ((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
    314 		&& (!r->class || strstr(class, r->class))
    315 		&& (!r->instance || strstr(instance, r->instance)))
    316 		{
    317 			c->isterminal = r->isterminal;
    318 			c->noswallow  = r->noswallow;
    319 			c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
    320 			c->tags |= r->tags;
    321 			for (m = mons; m && m->num != r->monitor; m = m->next);
    322 			if (m)
    323 				c->mon = m;
    324 		}
    325 	}
    326 	if (ch.res_class)
    327 		XFree(ch.res_class);
    328 	if (ch.res_name)
    329 		XFree(ch.res_name);
    330 	c->tags = c->tags & TAGMASK ? c->tags & TAGMASK : c->mon->tagset[c->mon->seltags];
    331 }
    332 
    333 int
    334 applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h, int interact)
    335 {
    336 	int baseismin;
    337 	Monitor *m = c->mon;
    338 
    339 	/* set minimum possible */
    340 	*w = MAX(1, *w);
    341 	*h = MAX(1, *h);
    342 	if (interact) {
    343 		if (*x > sw)
    344 			*x = sw - WIDTH(c);
    345 		if (*y > sh)
    346 			*y = sh - HEIGHT(c);
    347 		if (*x + *w + 2 * c->bw < 0)
    348 			*x = 0;
    349 		if (*y + *h + 2 * c->bw < 0)
    350 			*y = 0;
    351 	} else {
    352 		if (*x >= m->wx + m->ww)
    353 			*x = m->wx + m->ww - WIDTH(c);
    354 		if (*y >= m->wy + m->wh)
    355 			*y = m->wy + m->wh - HEIGHT(c);
    356 		if (*x + *w + 2 * c->bw <= m->wx)
    357 			*x = m->wx;
    358 		if (*y + *h + 2 * c->bw <= m->wy)
    359 			*y = m->wy;
    360 	}
    361 	if (*h < bh)
    362 		*h = bh;
    363 	if (*w < bh)
    364 		*w = bh;
    365 	if (resizehints || c->isfloating || !c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange) {
    366 		if (!c->hintsvalid)
    367 			updatesizehints(c);
    368 		/* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
    369 		baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
    370 		if (!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
    371 			*w -= c->basew;
    372 			*h -= c->baseh;
    373 		}
    374 		/* adjust for aspect limits */
    375 		if (c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
    376 			if (c->maxa < (float)*w / *h)
    377 				*w = *h * c->maxa + 0.5;
    378 			else if (c->mina < (float)*h / *w)
    379 				*h = *w * c->mina + 0.5;
    380 		}
    381 		if (baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
    382 			*w -= c->basew;
    383 			*h -= c->baseh;
    384 		}
    385 		/* adjust for increment value */
    386 		if (c->incw)
    387 			*w -= *w % c->incw;
    388 		if (c->inch)
    389 			*h -= *h % c->inch;
    390 		/* restore base dimensions */
    391 		*w = MAX(*w + c->basew, c->minw);
    392 		*h = MAX(*h + c->baseh, c->minh);
    393 		if (c->maxw)
    394 			*w = MIN(*w, c->maxw);
    395 		if (c->maxh)
    396 			*h = MIN(*h, c->maxh);
    397 	}
    398 	return *x != c->x || *y != c->y || *w != c->w || *h != c->h;
    399 }
    400 
    401 void
    402 arrange(Monitor *m)
    403 {
    404 	if (m)
    405 		showhide(m->stack);
    406 	else for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
    407 		showhide(m->stack);
    408 	if (m) {
    409 		arrangemon(m);
    410 		restack(m);
    411 	} else for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
    412 		arrangemon(m);
    413 }
    414 
    415 void
    416 arrangemon(Monitor *m)
    417 {
    418 	strncpy(m->ltsymbol, m->lt[m->sellt]->symbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol);
    419 	if (m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
    420 		m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange(m);
    421 }
    422 
    423 void
    424 attach(Client *c)
    425 {
    426 	c->next = c->mon->clients;
    427 	c->mon->clients = c;
    428 }
    429 
    430 void
    431 attachstack(Client *c)
    432 {
    433 	c->snext = c->mon->stack;
    434 	c->mon->stack = c;
    435 }
    436 
    437 void
    438 swallow(Client *p, Client *c)
    439 {
    440 
    441 	if (c->noswallow || c->isterminal)
    442 		return;
    443 	if (c->noswallow && !swallowfloating && c->isfloating)
    444 		return;
    445 
    446 	detach(c);
    447 	detachstack(c);
    448 
    449 	setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
    450 	XUnmapWindow(dpy, p->win);
    451 
    452 	p->swallowing = c;
    453 	c->mon = p->mon;
    454 
    455 	Window w = p->win;
    456 	p->win = c->win;
    457 	c->win = w;
    458 	updatetitle(p);
    459 	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, p->win, p->x, p->y, p->w, p->h);
    460 	arrange(p->mon);
    461 	configure(p);
    462 	updateclientlist();
    463 }
    464 
    465 void
    466 unswallow(Client *c)
    467 {
    468 	c->win = c->swallowing->win;
    469 
    470 	free(c->swallowing);
    471 	c->swallowing = NULL;
    472 
    473 	/* unfullscreen the client */
    474 	setfullscreen(c, 0);
    475 	updatetitle(c);
    476 	arrange(c->mon);
    477 	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
    478 	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
    479 	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
    480 	focus(NULL);
    481 	arrange(c->mon);
    482 }
    483 
    484 void
    485 buttonpress(XEvent *e)
    486 {
    487 	unsigned int i, x, click;
    488 	Arg arg = {0};
    489 	Client *c;
    490 	Monitor *m;
    491 	XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
    492 
    493 	click = ClkRootWin;
    494 	/* focus monitor if necessary */
    495 	if ((m = wintomon(ev->window)) && m != selmon) {
    496 		unfocus(selmon->sel, 1);
    497 		selmon = m;
    498 		focus(NULL);
    499 	}
    500 	if (ev->window == selmon->barwin) {
    501 		i = x = 0;
    502 		do
    503 			x += TEXTW(tags[i]);
    504 		while (ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
    505 		if (i < LENGTH(tags)) {
    506 			click = ClkTagBar;
    507 			arg.ui = 1 << i;
    508 		} else if (ev->x < x + TEXTW(selmon->ltsymbol))
    509 			click = ClkLtSymbol;
    510 		else if (ev->x > selmon->ww - (int)TEXTW(stext))
    511 			click = ClkStatusText;
    512 		else
    513 			click = ClkWinTitle;
    514 	} else if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
    515 		focus(c);
    516 		restack(selmon);
    517 		XAllowEvents(dpy, ReplayPointer, CurrentTime);
    518 		click = ClkClientWin;
    519 	}
    520 	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
    521 		if (click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
    522 		&& CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
    523 			buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
    524 }
    525 
    526 void
    527 checkotherwm(void)
    528 {
    529 	xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
    530 	/* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
    531 	XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
    532 	XSync(dpy, False);
    533 	XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
    534 	XSync(dpy, False);
    535 }
    536 
    537 void
    538 cleanup(void)
    539 {
    540 	Arg a = {.ui = ~0};
    541 	Layout foo = { "", NULL };
    542 	Monitor *m;
    543 	size_t i;
    544 
    545 	view(&a);
    546 	selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = &foo;
    547 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
    548 		while (m->stack)
    549 			unmanage(m->stack, 0);
    550 	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
    551 	while (mons)
    552 		cleanupmon(mons);
    553 	for (i = 0; i < CurLast; i++)
    554 		drw_cur_free(drw, cursor[i]);
    555 	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(colors); i++)
    556 		drw_scm_free(drw, scheme[i], 3);
    557 	free(scheme);
    558 	XDestroyWindow(dpy, wmcheckwin);
    559 	drw_free(drw);
    560 	XSync(dpy, False);
    561 	XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
    562 	XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow]);
    563 }
    564 
    565 void
    566 cleanupmon(Monitor *mon)
    567 {
    568 	Monitor *m;
    569 
    570 	if (mon == mons)
    571 		mons = mons->next;
    572 	else {
    573 		for (m = mons; m && m->next != mon; m = m->next);
    574 		m->next = mon->next;
    575 	}
    576 	XUnmapWindow(dpy, mon->barwin);
    577 	XDestroyWindow(dpy, mon->barwin);
    578 	free(mon);
    579 }
    580 
    581 void
    582 clientmessage(XEvent *e)
    583 {
    584 	XClientMessageEvent *cme = &e->xclient;
    585 	Client *c = wintoclient(cme->window);
    586 
    587 	if (!c)
    588 		return;
    589 	if (cme->message_type == netatom[NetWMState]) {
    590 		if (cme->data.l[1] == netatom[NetWMFullscreen]
    591 		|| cme->data.l[2] == netatom[NetWMFullscreen])
    592 			setfullscreen(c, (cme->data.l[0] == 1 /* _NET_WM_STATE_ADD    */
    593 				|| (cme->data.l[0] == 2 /* _NET_WM_STATE_TOGGLE */ && !c->isfullscreen)));
    594 	} else if (cme->message_type == netatom[NetActiveWindow]) {
    595 		if (c != selmon->sel && !c->isurgent)
    596 			seturgent(c, 1);
    597 	}
    598 }
    599 
    600 void
    601 configure(Client *c)
    602 {
    603 	XConfigureEvent ce;
    604 
    605 	ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
    606 	ce.display = dpy;
    607 	ce.event = c->win;
    608 	ce.window = c->win;
    609 	ce.x = c->x;
    610 	ce.y = c->y;
    611 	ce.width = c->w;
    612 	ce.height = c->h;
    613 	ce.border_width = c->bw;
    614 	ce.above = None;
    615 	ce.override_redirect = False;
    616 	XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
    617 }
    618 
    619 void
    620 configurenotify(XEvent *e)
    621 {
    622 	Monitor *m;
    623 	Client *c;
    624 	XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
    625 	int dirty;
    626 
    627 	/* TODO: updategeom handling sucks, needs to be simplified */
    628 	if (ev->window == root) {
    629 		dirty = (sw != ev->width || sh != ev->height);
    630 		sw = ev->width;
    631 		sh = ev->height;
    632 		if (updategeom() || dirty) {
    633 			drw_resize(drw, sw, bh);
    634 			updatebars();
    635 			for (m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
    636 				for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
    637 					if (c->isfullscreen)
    638 						resizeclient(c, m->mx, m->my, m->mw, m->mh);
    639 				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, m->barwin, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh);
    640 			}
    641 			focus(NULL);
    642 			arrange(NULL);
    643 		}
    644 	}
    645 }
    646 
    647 void
    648 configurerequest(XEvent *e)
    649 {
    650 	Client *c;
    651 	Monitor *m;
    652 	XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
    653 	XWindowChanges wc;
    654 
    655 	if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
    656 		if (ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
    657 			c->bw = ev->border_width;
    658 		else if (c->isfloating || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange) {
    659 			m = c->mon;
    660 			if (ev->value_mask & CWX) {
    661 				c->oldx = c->x;
    662 				c->x = m->mx + ev->x;
    663 			}
    664 			if (ev->value_mask & CWY) {
    665 				c->oldy = c->y;
    666 				c->y = m->my + ev->y;
    667 			}
    668 			if (ev->value_mask & CWWidth) {
    669 				c->oldw = c->w;
    670 				c->w = ev->width;
    671 			}
    672 			if (ev->value_mask & CWHeight) {
    673 				c->oldh = c->h;
    674 				c->h = ev->height;
    675 			}
    676 			if ((c->x + c->w) > m->mx + m->mw && c->isfloating)
    677 				c->x = m->mx + (m->mw / 2 - WIDTH(c) / 2); /* center in x direction */
    678 			if ((c->y + c->h) > m->my + m->mh && c->isfloating)
    679 				c->y = m->my + (m->mh / 2 - HEIGHT(c) / 2); /* center in y direction */
    680 			if ((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
    681 				configure(c);
    682 			if (ISVISIBLE(c))
    683 				XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
    684 		} else
    685 			configure(c);
    686 	} else {
    687 		wc.x = ev->x;
    688 		wc.y = ev->y;
    689 		wc.width = ev->width;
    690 		wc.height = ev->height;
    691 		wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
    692 		wc.sibling = ev->above;
    693 		wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
    694 		XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
    695 	}
    696 	XSync(dpy, False);
    697 }
    698 
    699 Monitor *
    700 createmon(void)
    701 {
    702 	Monitor *m;
    703 
    704 	m = ecalloc(1, sizeof(Monitor));
    705 	m->tagset[0] = m->tagset[1] = 1;
    706 	m->mfact = mfact;
    707 	m->nmaster = nmaster;
    708 	m->showbar = showbar;
    709 	m->topbar = topbar;
    710 	m->lt[0] = &layouts[0];
    711 	m->lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
    712 	strncpy(m->ltsymbol, layouts[0].symbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol);
    713 	return m;
    714 }
    715 
    716 void
    717 destroynotify(XEvent *e)
    718 {
    719 	Client *c;
    720 	XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
    721 
    722 	if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window)))
    723 		unmanage(c, 1);
    724 
    725 	else if ((c = swallowingclient(ev->window)))
    726 		unmanage(c->swallowing, 1);
    727 }
    728 
    729 void
    730 detach(Client *c)
    731 {
    732 	Client **tc;
    733 
    734 	for (tc = &c->mon->clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
    735 	*tc = c->next;
    736 }
    737 
    738 void
    739 detachstack(Client *c)
    740 {
    741 	Client **tc, *t;
    742 
    743 	for (tc = &c->mon->stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
    744 	*tc = c->snext;
    745 
    746 	if (c == c->mon->sel) {
    747 		for (t = c->mon->stack; t && !ISVISIBLE(t); t = t->snext);
    748 		c->mon->sel = t;
    749 	}
    750 }
    751 
    752 Monitor *
    753 dirtomon(int dir)
    754 {
    755 	Monitor *m = NULL;
    756 
    757 	if (dir > 0) {
    758 		if (!(m = selmon->next))
    759 			m = mons;
    760 	} else if (selmon == mons)
    761 		for (m = mons; m->next; m = m->next);
    762 	else
    763 		for (m = mons; m->next != selmon; m = m->next);
    764 	return m;
    765 }
    766 
    767 void
    768 drawbar(Monitor *m)
    769 {
    770 	int x, w, tw = 0;
    771 	int boxs = drw->fonts->h / 9;
    772 	int boxw = drw->fonts->h / 6 + 2;
    773 	unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
    774 	Client *c;
    775 
    776 	if (!m->showbar)
    777 		return;
    778 
    779 	/* draw status first so it can be overdrawn by tags later */
    780 	if (m == selmon) { /* status is only drawn on selected monitor */
    781 		drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[SchemeNorm]);
    782 		tw = TEXTW(stext) - lrpad + 2; /* 2px right padding */
    783 		drw_text(drw, m->ww - tw, 0, tw, bh, 0, stext, 0);
    784 	}
    785 
    786 	for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next) {
    787 		occ |= c->tags;
    788 		if (c->isurgent)
    789 			urg |= c->tags;
    790 	}
    791 	x = 0;
    792 	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
    793 		w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
    794 		drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[m->tagset[m->seltags] & 1 << i ? SchemeSel : SchemeNorm]);
    795 		drw_text(drw, x, 0, w, bh, lrpad / 2, tags[i], urg & 1 << i);
    796 		if (occ & 1 << i)
    797 			drw_rect(drw, x + boxs, boxs, boxw, boxw,
    798 				m == selmon && selmon->sel && selmon->sel->tags & 1 << i,
    799 				urg & 1 << i);
    800 		x += w;
    801 	}
    802 	w = TEXTW(m->ltsymbol);
    803 	drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[SchemeNorm]);
    804 	x = drw_text(drw, x, 0, w, bh, lrpad / 2, m->ltsymbol, 0);
    805 
    806 	if ((w = m->ww - tw - x) > bh) {
    807 		if (m->sel) {
    808 			drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[m == selmon ? SchemeSel : SchemeNorm]);
    809 			drw_text(drw, x, 0, w, bh, lrpad / 2, m->sel->name, 0);
    810 			if (m->sel->isfloating)
    811 				drw_rect(drw, x + boxs, boxs, boxw, boxw, m->sel->isfixed, 0);
    812 		} else {
    813 			drw_setscheme(drw, scheme[SchemeNorm]);
    814 			drw_rect(drw, x, 0, w, bh, 1, 1);
    815 		}
    816 	}
    817 	drw_map(drw, m->barwin, 0, 0, m->ww, bh);
    818 }
    819 
    820 void
    821 drawbars(void)
    822 {
    823 	Monitor *m;
    824 
    825 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
    826 		drawbar(m);
    827 }
    828 
    829 void
    830 enternotify(XEvent *e)
    831 {
    832 	Client *c;
    833 	Monitor *m;
    834 	XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
    835 
    836 	if ((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
    837 		return;
    838 	c = wintoclient(ev->window);
    839 	m = c ? c->mon : wintomon(ev->window);
    840 	if (m != selmon) {
    841 		unfocus(selmon->sel, 1);
    842 		selmon = m;
    843 	} else if (!c || c == selmon->sel)
    844 		return;
    845 	focus(c);
    846 }
    847 
    848 void
    849 expose(XEvent *e)
    850 {
    851 	Monitor *m;
    852 	XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
    853 
    854 	if (ev->count == 0 && (m = wintomon(ev->window)))
    855 		drawbar(m);
    856 }
    857 
    858 void
    859 focus(Client *c)
    860 {
    861 	if (!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
    862 		for (c = selmon->stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
    863 	if (selmon->sel && selmon->sel != c)
    864 		unfocus(selmon->sel, 0);
    865 	if (c) {
    866 		if (c->mon != selmon)
    867 			selmon = c->mon;
    868 		if (c->isurgent)
    869 			seturgent(c, 0);
    870 		detachstack(c);
    871 		attachstack(c);
    872 		grabbuttons(c, 1);
    873 		XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, scheme[SchemeSel][ColBorder].pixel);
    874 		setfocus(c);
    875 	} else {
    876 		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
    877 		XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow]);
    878 	}
    879 	selmon->sel = c;
    880 	drawbars();
    881 }
    882 
    883 /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients needing extra handling */
    884 void
    885 focusin(XEvent *e)
    886 {
    887 	XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
    888 
    889 	if (selmon->sel && ev->window != selmon->sel->win)
    890 		setfocus(selmon->sel);
    891 }
    892 
    893 void
    894 focusmon(const Arg *arg)
    895 {
    896 	Monitor *m;
    897 
    898 	if (!mons->next)
    899 		return;
    900 	if ((m = dirtomon(arg->i)) == selmon)
    901 		return;
    902 	unfocus(selmon->sel, 0);
    903 	selmon = m;
    904 	focus(NULL);
    905 }
    906 
    907 void
    908 focusstack(const Arg *arg)
    909 {
    910 	Client *c = NULL, *i;
    911 
    912 	if (!selmon->sel || (selmon->sel->isfullscreen && lockfullscreen))
    913 		return;
    914 	if (arg->i > 0) {
    915 		for (c = selmon->sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
    916 		if (!c)
    917 			for (c = selmon->clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
    918 	} else {
    919 		for (i = selmon->clients; i != selmon->sel; i = i->next)
    920 			if (ISVISIBLE(i))
    921 				c = i;
    922 		if (!c)
    923 			for (; i; i = i->next)
    924 				if (ISVISIBLE(i))
    925 					c = i;
    926 	}
    927 	if (c) {
    928 		focus(c);
    929 		restack(selmon);
    930 	}
    931 }
    932 
    933 Atom
    934 getatomprop(Client *c, Atom prop)
    935 {
    936 	int di;
    937 	unsigned long nitems, dl;
    938 	unsigned char *p = NULL;
    939 	Atom da, atom = None;
    940 
    941 	if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, c->win, prop, 0L, sizeof atom, False, XA_ATOM,
    942 		&da, &di, &nitems, &dl, &p) == Success && p) {
    943 		if (nitems > 0)
    944 			atom = *(Atom *)p;
    945 		XFree(p);
    946 	}
    947 	return atom;
    948 }
    949 
    950 int
    951 getrootptr(int *x, int *y)
    952 {
    953 	int di;
    954 	unsigned int dui;
    955 	Window dummy;
    956 
    957 	return XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, x, y, &di, &di, &dui);
    958 }
    959 
    960 long
    961 getstate(Window w)
    962 {
    963 	int format;
    964 	long result = -1;
    965 	unsigned char *p = NULL;
    966 	unsigned long n, extra;
    967 	Atom real;
    968 
    969 	if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
    970 		&real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p) != Success)
    971 		return -1;
    972 	if (n != 0)
    973 		result = *p;
    974 	XFree(p);
    975 	return result;
    976 }
    977 
    978 int
    979 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size)
    980 {
    981 	char **list = NULL;
    982 	int n;
    983 	XTextProperty name;
    984 
    985 	if (!text || size == 0)
    986 		return 0;
    987 	text[0] = '\0';
    988 	if (!XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom) || !name.nitems)
    989 		return 0;
    990 	if (name.encoding == XA_STRING) {
    991 		strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
    992 	} else if (XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success && n > 0 && *list) {
    993 		strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
    994 		XFreeStringList(list);
    995 	}
    996 	text[size - 1] = '\0';
    997 	XFree(name.value);
    998 	return 1;
    999 }
   1000 
   1001 void
   1002 grabbuttons(Client *c, int focused)
   1003 {
   1004 	updatenumlockmask();
   1005 	{
   1006 		unsigned int i, j;
   1007 		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
   1008 		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
   1009 		if (!focused)
   1010 			XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
   1011 				BUTTONMASK, GrabModeSync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
   1012 		for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
   1013 			if (buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
   1014 				for (j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
   1015 					XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button,
   1016 						buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j],
   1017 						c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
   1018 						GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
   1019 	}
   1020 }
   1021 
   1022 void
   1023 grabkeys(void)
   1024 {
   1025 	updatenumlockmask();
   1026 	{
   1027 		unsigned int i, j, k;
   1028 		unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
   1029 		int start, end, skip;
   1030 		KeySym *syms;
   1031 
   1032 		XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
   1033 		XDisplayKeycodes(dpy, &start, &end);
   1034 		syms = XGetKeyboardMapping(dpy, start, end - start + 1, &skip);
   1035 		if (!syms)
   1036 			return;
   1037 		for (k = start; k <= end; k++)
   1038 			for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
   1039 				/* skip modifier codes, we do that ourselves */
   1040 				if (keys[i].keysym == syms[(k - start) * skip])
   1041 					for (j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
   1042 						XGrabKey(dpy, k,
   1043 							 keys[i].mod | modifiers[j],
   1044 							 root, True,
   1045 							 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
   1046 		XFree(syms);
   1047 	}
   1048 }
   1049 
   1050 void
   1051 incnmaster(const Arg *arg)
   1052 {
   1053 	selmon->nmaster = MAX(selmon->nmaster + arg->i, 0);
   1054 	arrange(selmon);
   1055 }
   1056 
   1057 #ifdef XINERAMA
   1058 static int
   1059 isuniquegeom(XineramaScreenInfo *unique, size_t n, XineramaScreenInfo *info)
   1060 {
   1061 	while (n--)
   1062 		if (unique[n].x_org == info->x_org && unique[n].y_org == info->y_org
   1063 		&& unique[n].width == info->width && unique[n].height == info->height)
   1064 			return 0;
   1065 	return 1;
   1066 }
   1067 #endif /* XINERAMA */
   1068 
   1069 void
   1070 keypress(XEvent *e)
   1071 {
   1072 	unsigned int i;
   1073 	KeySym keysym;
   1074 	XKeyEvent *ev;
   1075 
   1076 	ev = &e->xkey;
   1077 	keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
   1078 	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
   1079 		if (keysym == keys[i].keysym
   1080 		&& CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
   1081 		&& keys[i].func)
   1082 			keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
   1083 }
   1084 
   1085 void
   1086 killclient(const Arg *arg)
   1087 {
   1088 	if (!selmon->sel)
   1089 		return;
   1090 	if (!sendevent(selmon->sel, wmatom[WMDelete])) {
   1091 		XGrabServer(dpy);
   1092 		XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
   1093 		XSetCloseDownMode(dpy, DestroyAll);
   1094 		XKillClient(dpy, selmon->sel->win);
   1095 		XSync(dpy, False);
   1096 		XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
   1097 		XUngrabServer(dpy);
   1098 	}
   1099 }
   1100 
   1101 void
   1102 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa)
   1103 {
   1104 	Client *c, *t = NULL, *term = NULL;
   1105 	Window trans = None;
   1106 	XWindowChanges wc;
   1107 
   1108 	c = ecalloc(1, sizeof(Client));
   1109 	c->win = w;
   1110 	c->pid = winpid(w);
   1111 	/* geometry */
   1112 	c->x = c->oldx = wa->x;
   1113 	c->y = c->oldy = wa->y;
   1114 	c->w = c->oldw = wa->width;
   1115 	c->h = c->oldh = wa->height;
   1116 	c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
   1117 
   1118 	updatetitle(c);
   1119 	if (XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) && (t = wintoclient(trans))) {
   1120 		c->mon = t->mon;
   1121 		c->tags = t->tags;
   1122 	} else {
   1123 		c->mon = selmon;
   1124 		applyrules(c);
   1125 		term = termforwin(c);
   1126 	}
   1127 
   1128 	if (c->x + WIDTH(c) > c->mon->wx + c->mon->ww)
   1129 		c->x = c->mon->wx + c->mon->ww - WIDTH(c);
   1130 	if (c->y + HEIGHT(c) > c->mon->wy + c->mon->wh)
   1131 		c->y = c->mon->wy + c->mon->wh - HEIGHT(c);
   1132 	c->x = MAX(c->x, c->mon->wx);
   1133 	c->y = MAX(c->y, c->mon->wy);
   1134 	c->bw = borderpx;
   1135 
   1136 	wc.border_width = c->bw;
   1137 	XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
   1138 	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, scheme[SchemeNorm][ColBorder].pixel);
   1139 	configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
   1140 	updatewindowtype(c);
   1141 	updatesizehints(c);
   1142 	updatewmhints(c);
   1143 	XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
   1144 	grabbuttons(c, 0);
   1145 	if (!c->isfloating)
   1146 		c->isfloating = c->oldstate = trans != None || c->isfixed;
   1147 	if (c->isfloating)
   1148 		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
   1149 	attach(c);
   1150 	attachstack(c);
   1151 	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList], XA_WINDOW, 32, PropModeAppend,
   1152 		(unsigned char *) &(c->win), 1);
   1153 	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
   1154 	setclientstate(c, NormalState);
   1155 	if (c->mon == selmon)
   1156 		unfocus(selmon->sel, 0);
   1157 	c->mon->sel = c;
   1158 	arrange(c->mon);
   1159 	XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
   1160 	if (term)
   1161 		swallow(term, c);
   1162 	focus(NULL);
   1163 }
   1164 
   1165 void
   1166 mappingnotify(XEvent *e)
   1167 {
   1168 	XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
   1169 
   1170 	XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
   1171 	if (ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
   1172 		grabkeys();
   1173 }
   1174 
   1175 void
   1176 maprequest(XEvent *e)
   1177 {
   1178 	static XWindowAttributes wa;
   1179 	XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
   1180 
   1181 	if (!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa) || wa.override_redirect)
   1182 		return;
   1183 	if (!wintoclient(ev->window))
   1184 		manage(ev->window, &wa);
   1185 }
   1186 
   1187 void
   1188 monocle(Monitor *m)
   1189 {
   1190 	unsigned int n = 0;
   1191 	Client *c;
   1192 
   1193 	for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
   1194 		if (ISVISIBLE(c))
   1195 			n++;
   1196 	if (n > 0) /* override layout symbol */
   1197 		snprintf(m->ltsymbol, sizeof m->ltsymbol, "[%d]", n);
   1198 	for (c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
   1199 		resize(c, m->wx, m->wy, m->ww - 2 * c->bw, m->wh - 2 * c->bw, 0);
   1200 }
   1201 
   1202 void
   1203 motionnotify(XEvent *e)
   1204 {
   1205 	static Monitor *mon = NULL;
   1206 	Monitor *m;
   1207 	XMotionEvent *ev = &e->xmotion;
   1208 
   1209 	if (ev->window != root)
   1210 		return;
   1211 	if ((m = recttomon(ev->x_root, ev->y_root, 1, 1)) != mon && mon) {
   1212 		unfocus(selmon->sel, 1);
   1213 		selmon = m;
   1214 		focus(NULL);
   1215 	}
   1216 	mon = m;
   1217 }
   1218 
   1219 void
   1220 movemouse(const Arg *arg)
   1221 {
   1222 	int x, y, ocx, ocy, nx, ny;
   1223 	Client *c;
   1224 	Monitor *m;
   1225 	XEvent ev;
   1226 	Time lasttime = 0;
   1227 
   1228 	if (!(c = selmon->sel))
   1229 		return;
   1230 	if (c->isfullscreen) /* no support moving fullscreen windows by mouse */
   1231 		return;
   1232 	restack(selmon);
   1233 	ocx = c->x;
   1234 	ocy = c->y;
   1235 	if (XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
   1236 		None, cursor[CurMove]->cursor, CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
   1237 		return;
   1238 	if (!getrootptr(&x, &y))
   1239 		return;
   1240 	do {
   1241 		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
   1242 		switch(ev.type) {
   1243 		case ConfigureRequest:
   1244 		case Expose:
   1245 		case MapRequest:
   1246 			handler[ev.type](&ev);
   1247 			break;
   1248 		case MotionNotify:
   1249 			if ((ev.xmotion.time - lasttime) <= (1000 / refreshrate))
   1250 				continue;
   1251 			lasttime = ev.xmotion.time;
   1252 
   1253 			nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
   1254 			ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
   1255 			if (abs(selmon->wx - nx) < snap)
   1256 				nx = selmon->wx;
   1257 			else if (abs((selmon->wx + selmon->ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
   1258 				nx = selmon->wx + selmon->ww - WIDTH(c);
   1259 			if (abs(selmon->wy - ny) < snap)
   1260 				ny = selmon->wy;
   1261 			else if (abs((selmon->wy + selmon->wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
   1262 				ny = selmon->wy + selmon->wh - HEIGHT(c);
   1263 			if (!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
   1264 			&& (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
   1265 				togglefloating(NULL);
   1266 			if (!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
   1267 				resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, 1);
   1268 			break;
   1269 		}
   1270 	} while (ev.type != ButtonRelease);
   1271 	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
   1272 	if ((m = recttomon(c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h)) != selmon) {
   1273 		sendmon(c, m);
   1274 		selmon = m;
   1275 		focus(NULL);
   1276 	}
   1277 }
   1278 
   1279 Client *
   1280 nexttiled(Client *c)
   1281 {
   1282 	for (; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
   1283 	return c;
   1284 }
   1285 
   1286 void
   1287 pop(Client *c)
   1288 {
   1289 	detach(c);
   1290 	attach(c);
   1291 	focus(c);
   1292 	arrange(c->mon);
   1293 }
   1294 
   1295 void
   1296 propertynotify(XEvent *e)
   1297 {
   1298 	Client *c;
   1299 	Window trans;
   1300 	XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
   1301 
   1302 	if ((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME))
   1303 		updatestatus();
   1304 	else if (ev->state == PropertyDelete)
   1305 		return; /* ignore */
   1306 	else if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
   1307 		switch(ev->atom) {
   1308 		default: break;
   1309 		case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
   1310 			if (!c->isfloating && (XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans)) &&
   1311 				(c->isfloating = (wintoclient(trans)) != NULL))
   1312 				arrange(c->mon);
   1313 			break;
   1314 		case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
   1315 			c->hintsvalid = 0;
   1316 			break;
   1317 		case XA_WM_HINTS:
   1318 			updatewmhints(c);
   1319 			drawbars();
   1320 			break;
   1321 		}
   1322 		if (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
   1323 			updatetitle(c);
   1324 			if (c == c->mon->sel)
   1325 				drawbar(c->mon);
   1326 		}
   1327 		if (ev->atom == netatom[NetWMWindowType])
   1328 			updatewindowtype(c);
   1329 	}
   1330 }
   1331 
   1332 void
   1333 quit(const Arg *arg)
   1334 {
   1335 	running = 0;
   1336 }
   1337 
   1338 Monitor *
   1339 recttomon(int x, int y, int w, int h)
   1340 {
   1341 	Monitor *m, *r = selmon;
   1342 	int a, area = 0;
   1343 
   1344 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
   1345 		if ((a = INTERSECT(x, y, w, h, m)) > area) {
   1346 			area = a;
   1347 			r = m;
   1348 		}
   1349 	return r;
   1350 }
   1351 
   1352 void
   1353 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, int interact)
   1354 {
   1355 	if (applysizehints(c, &x, &y, &w, &h, interact))
   1356 		resizeclient(c, x, y, w, h);
   1357 }
   1358 
   1359 void
   1360 resizeclient(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h)
   1361 {
   1362 	XWindowChanges wc;
   1363 
   1364 	c->oldx = c->x; c->x = wc.x = x;
   1365 	c->oldy = c->y; c->y = wc.y = y;
   1366 	c->oldw = c->w; c->w = wc.width = w;
   1367 	c->oldh = c->h; c->h = wc.height = h;
   1368 	wc.border_width = c->bw;
   1369 	XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
   1370 	configure(c);
   1371 	XSync(dpy, False);
   1372 }
   1373 
   1374 void
   1375 resizemouse(const Arg *arg)
   1376 {
   1377 	int ocx, ocy, nw, nh;
   1378 	Client *c;
   1379 	Monitor *m;
   1380 	XEvent ev;
   1381 	Time lasttime = 0;
   1382 
   1383 	if (!(c = selmon->sel))
   1384 		return;
   1385 	if (c->isfullscreen) /* no support resizing fullscreen windows by mouse */
   1386 		return;
   1387 	restack(selmon);
   1388 	ocx = c->x;
   1389 	ocy = c->y;
   1390 	if (XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
   1391 		None, cursor[CurResize]->cursor, CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
   1392 		return;
   1393 	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
   1394 	do {
   1395 		XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
   1396 		switch(ev.type) {
   1397 		case ConfigureRequest:
   1398 		case Expose:
   1399 		case MapRequest:
   1400 			handler[ev.type](&ev);
   1401 			break;
   1402 		case MotionNotify:
   1403 			if ((ev.xmotion.time - lasttime) <= (1000 / refreshrate))
   1404 				continue;
   1405 			lasttime = ev.xmotion.time;
   1406 
   1407 			nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
   1408 			nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
   1409 			if (c->mon->wx + nw >= selmon->wx && c->mon->wx + nw <= selmon->wx + selmon->ww
   1410 			&& c->mon->wy + nh >= selmon->wy && c->mon->wy + nh <= selmon->wy + selmon->wh)
   1411 			{
   1412 				if (!c->isfloating && selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange
   1413 				&& (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
   1414 					togglefloating(NULL);
   1415 			}
   1416 			if (!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
   1417 				resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, 1);
   1418 			break;
   1419 		}
   1420 	} while (ev.type != ButtonRelease);
   1421 	XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
   1422 	XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
   1423 	while (XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
   1424 	if ((m = recttomon(c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h)) != selmon) {
   1425 		sendmon(c, m);
   1426 		selmon = m;
   1427 		focus(NULL);
   1428 	}
   1429 }
   1430 
   1431 void
   1432 restack(Monitor *m)
   1433 {
   1434 	Client *c;
   1435 	XEvent ev;
   1436 	XWindowChanges wc;
   1437 
   1438 	drawbar(m);
   1439 	if (!m->sel)
   1440 		return;
   1441 	if (m->sel->isfloating || !m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange)
   1442 		XRaiseWindow(dpy, m->sel->win);
   1443 	if (m->lt[m->sellt]->arrange) {
   1444 		wc.stack_mode = Below;
   1445 		wc.sibling = m->barwin;
   1446 		for (c = m->stack; c; c = c->snext)
   1447 			if (!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
   1448 				XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
   1449 				wc.sibling = c->win;
   1450 			}
   1451 	}
   1452 	XSync(dpy, False);
   1453 	while (XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
   1454 }
   1455 
   1456 void
   1457 run(void)
   1458 {
   1459 	XEvent ev;
   1460 	/* main event loop */
   1461 	XSync(dpy, False);
   1462 	while (running && !XNextEvent(dpy, &ev))
   1463 		if (handler[ev.type])
   1464 			handler[ev.type](&ev); /* call handler */
   1465 }
   1466 
   1467 void
   1468 scan(void)
   1469 {
   1470 	unsigned int i, num;
   1471 	Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
   1472 	XWindowAttributes wa;
   1473 
   1474 	if (XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
   1475 		for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
   1476 			if (!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
   1477 			|| wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
   1478 				continue;
   1479 			if (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
   1480 				manage(wins[i], &wa);
   1481 		}
   1482 		for (i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
   1483 			if (!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
   1484 				continue;
   1485 			if (XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
   1486 			&& (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
   1487 				manage(wins[i], &wa);
   1488 		}
   1489 		if (wins)
   1490 			XFree(wins);
   1491 	}
   1492 }
   1493 
   1494 void
   1495 sendmon(Client *c, Monitor *m)
   1496 {
   1497 	if (c->mon == m)
   1498 		return;
   1499 	unfocus(c, 1);
   1500 	detach(c);
   1501 	detachstack(c);
   1502 	c->mon = m;
   1503 	c->tags = m->tagset[m->seltags]; /* assign tags of target monitor */
   1504 	attach(c);
   1505 	attachstack(c);
   1506 	focus(NULL);
   1507 	arrange(NULL);
   1508 }
   1509 
   1510 void
   1511 setclientstate(Client *c, long state)
   1512 {
   1513 	long data[] = { state, None };
   1514 
   1515 	XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
   1516 		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
   1517 }
   1518 
   1519 int
   1520 sendevent(Client *c, Atom proto)
   1521 {
   1522 	int n;
   1523 	Atom *protocols;
   1524 	int exists = 0;
   1525 	XEvent ev;
   1526 
   1527 	if (XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
   1528 		while (!exists && n--)
   1529 			exists = protocols[n] == proto;
   1530 		XFree(protocols);
   1531 	}
   1532 	if (exists) {
   1533 		ev.type = ClientMessage;
   1534 		ev.xclient.window = c->win;
   1535 		ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
   1536 		ev.xclient.format = 32;
   1537 		ev.xclient.data.l[0] = proto;
   1538 		ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
   1539 		XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
   1540 	}
   1541 	return exists;
   1542 }
   1543 
   1544 void
   1545 setfocus(Client *c)
   1546 {
   1547 	if (!c->neverfocus) {
   1548 		XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
   1549 		XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow],
   1550 			XA_WINDOW, 32, PropModeReplace,
   1551 			(unsigned char *) &(c->win), 1);
   1552 	}
   1553 	sendevent(c, wmatom[WMTakeFocus]);
   1554 }
   1555 
   1556 void
   1557 setfullscreen(Client *c, int fullscreen)
   1558 {
   1559 	if (fullscreen && !c->isfullscreen) {
   1560 		XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM, 32,
   1561 			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char*)&netatom[NetWMFullscreen], 1);
   1562 		c->isfullscreen = 1;
   1563 		c->oldstate = c->isfloating;
   1564 		c->oldbw = c->bw;
   1565 		c->bw = 0;
   1566 		c->isfloating = 1;
   1567 		resizeclient(c, c->mon->mx, c->mon->my, c->mon->mw, c->mon->mh);
   1568 		XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
   1569 	} else if (!fullscreen && c->isfullscreen){
   1570 		XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, netatom[NetWMState], XA_ATOM, 32,
   1571 			PropModeReplace, (unsigned char*)0, 0);
   1572 		c->isfullscreen = 0;
   1573 		c->isfloating = c->oldstate;
   1574 		c->bw = c->oldbw;
   1575 		c->x = c->oldx;
   1576 		c->y = c->oldy;
   1577 		c->w = c->oldw;
   1578 		c->h = c->oldh;
   1579 		resizeclient(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
   1580 		arrange(c->mon);
   1581 	}
   1582 }
   1583 
   1584 void
   1585 setlayout(const Arg *arg)
   1586 {
   1587 	if (!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != selmon->lt[selmon->sellt])
   1588 		selmon->sellt ^= 1;
   1589 	if (arg && arg->v)
   1590 		selmon->lt[selmon->sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
   1591 	strncpy(selmon->ltsymbol, selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->symbol, sizeof selmon->ltsymbol);
   1592 	if (selmon->sel)
   1593 		arrange(selmon);
   1594 	else
   1595 		drawbar(selmon);
   1596 }
   1597 
   1598 /* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutely */
   1599 void
   1600 setmfact(const Arg *arg)
   1601 {
   1602 	float f;
   1603 
   1604 	if (!arg || !selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange)
   1605 		return;
   1606 	f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + selmon->mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
   1607 	if (f < 0.05 || f > 0.95)
   1608 		return;
   1609 	selmon->mfact = f;
   1610 	arrange(selmon);
   1611 }
   1612 
   1613 void
   1614 setup(void)
   1615 {
   1616 	int i;
   1617 	XSetWindowAttributes wa;
   1618 	Atom utf8string;
   1619 	struct sigaction sa;
   1620 
   1621 	/* do not transform children into zombies when they terminate */
   1622 	sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
   1623 	sa.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP | SA_NOCLDWAIT | SA_RESTART;
   1624 	sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
   1625 	sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);
   1626 
   1627 	/* clean up any zombies (inherited from .xinitrc etc) immediately */
   1628 	while (waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG) > 0);
   1629 
   1630 	/* init screen */
   1631 	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
   1632 	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
   1633 	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
   1634 	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
   1635 	drw = drw_create(dpy, screen, root, sw, sh);
   1636 	if (!drw_fontset_create(drw, fonts, LENGTH(fonts)))
   1637 		die("no fonts could be loaded.");
   1638 	lrpad = drw->fonts->h;
   1639 	bh = drw->fonts->h + 2;
   1640 	updategeom();
   1641 	/* init atoms */
   1642 	utf8string = XInternAtom(dpy, "UTF8_STRING", False);
   1643 	wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
   1644 	wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
   1645 	wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
   1646 	wmatom[WMTakeFocus] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_TAKE_FOCUS", False);
   1647 	netatom[NetActiveWindow] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW", False);
   1648 	netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
   1649 	netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
   1650 	netatom[NetWMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_STATE", False);
   1651 	netatom[NetWMCheck] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTING_WM_CHECK", False);
   1652 	netatom[NetWMFullscreen] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN", False);
   1653 	netatom[NetWMWindowType] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE", False);
   1654 	netatom[NetWMWindowTypeDialog] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG", False);
   1655 	netatom[NetClientList] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_CLIENT_LIST", False);
   1656 	/* init cursors */
   1657 	cursor[CurNormal] = drw_cur_create(drw, XC_left_ptr);
   1658 	cursor[CurResize] = drw_cur_create(drw, XC_sizing);
   1659 	cursor[CurMove] = drw_cur_create(drw, XC_fleur);
   1660 	/* init appearance */
   1661 	scheme = ecalloc(LENGTH(colors), sizeof(Clr *));
   1662 	for (i = 0; i < LENGTH(colors); i++)
   1663 		scheme[i] = drw_scm_create(drw, colors[i], 3);
   1664 	/* init bars */
   1665 	updatebars();
   1666 	updatestatus();
   1667 	/* supporting window for NetWMCheck */
   1668 	wmcheckwin = XCreateSimpleWindow(dpy, root, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
   1669 	XChangeProperty(dpy, wmcheckwin, netatom[NetWMCheck], XA_WINDOW, 32,
   1670 		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) &wmcheckwin, 1);
   1671 	XChangeProperty(dpy, wmcheckwin, netatom[NetWMName], utf8string, 8,
   1672 		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) "dwm", 3);
   1673 	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetWMCheck], XA_WINDOW, 32,
   1674 		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) &wmcheckwin, 1);
   1675 	/* EWMH support per view */
   1676 	XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
   1677 		PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
   1678 	XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList]);
   1679 	/* select events */
   1680 	wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal]->cursor;
   1681 	wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask
   1682 		|ButtonPressMask|PointerMotionMask|EnterWindowMask
   1683 		|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask|PropertyChangeMask;
   1684 	XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
   1685 	XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
   1686 	grabkeys();
   1687 	focus(NULL);
   1688 }
   1689 
   1690 void
   1691 seturgent(Client *c, int urg)
   1692 {
   1693 	XWMHints *wmh;
   1694 
   1695 	c->isurgent = urg;
   1696 	if (!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
   1697 		return;
   1698 	wmh->flags = urg ? (wmh->flags | XUrgencyHint) : (wmh->flags & ~XUrgencyHint);
   1699 	XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
   1700 	XFree(wmh);
   1701 }
   1702 
   1703 void
   1704 showhide(Client *c)
   1705 {
   1706 	if (!c)
   1707 		return;
   1708 	if (ISVISIBLE(c)) {
   1709 		/* show clients top down */
   1710 		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
   1711 		if ((!c->mon->lt[c->mon->sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating) && !c->isfullscreen)
   1712 			resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, 0);
   1713 		showhide(c->snext);
   1714 	} else {
   1715 		/* hide clients bottom up */
   1716 		showhide(c->snext);
   1717 		XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, WIDTH(c) * -2, c->y);
   1718 	}
   1719 }
   1720 
   1721 void
   1722 spawn(const Arg *arg)
   1723 {
   1724 	struct sigaction sa;
   1725 
   1726 	if (arg->v == dmenucmd)
   1727 		dmenumon[0] = '0' + selmon->num;
   1728 	if (fork() == 0) {
   1729 		if (dpy)
   1730 			close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
   1731 		setsid();
   1732 
   1733 		sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
   1734 		sa.sa_flags = 0;
   1735 		sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
   1736 		sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL);
   1737 
   1738 		execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
   1739 		die("dwm: execvp '%s' failed:", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
   1740 	}
   1741 }
   1742 
   1743 void
   1744 tag(const Arg *arg)
   1745 {
   1746 	if (selmon->sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
   1747 		selmon->sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
   1748 		focus(NULL);
   1749 		arrange(selmon);
   1750 	}
   1751 }
   1752 
   1753 void
   1754 tagmon(const Arg *arg)
   1755 {
   1756 	if (!selmon->sel || !mons->next)
   1757 		return;
   1758 	sendmon(selmon->sel, dirtomon(arg->i));
   1759 }
   1760 
   1761 void
   1762 tile(Monitor *m)
   1763 {
   1764 	unsigned int i, n, h, mw, my, ty;
   1765 	Client *c;
   1766 
   1767 	for (n = 0, c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
   1768 	if (n == 0)
   1769 		return;
   1770 
   1771 	if (n > m->nmaster)
   1772 		mw = m->nmaster ? m->ww * m->mfact : 0;
   1773 	else
   1774 		mw = m->ww;
   1775 	for (i = my = ty = 0, c = nexttiled(m->clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++)
   1776 		if (i < m->nmaster) {
   1777 			h = (m->wh - my) / (MIN(n, m->nmaster) - i);
   1778 			resize(c, m->wx, m->wy + my, mw - (2*c->bw), h - (2*c->bw), 0);
   1779 			if (my + HEIGHT(c) < m->wh)
   1780 				my += HEIGHT(c);
   1781 		} else {
   1782 			h = (m->wh - ty) / (n - i);
   1783 			resize(c, m->wx + mw, m->wy + ty, m->ww - mw - (2*c->bw), h - (2*c->bw), 0);
   1784 			if (ty + HEIGHT(c) < m->wh)
   1785 				ty += HEIGHT(c);
   1786 		}
   1787 }
   1788 
   1789 void
   1790 togglebar(const Arg *arg)
   1791 {
   1792 	selmon->showbar = !selmon->showbar;
   1793 	updatebarpos(selmon);
   1794 	XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, selmon->barwin, selmon->wx, selmon->by, selmon->ww, bh);
   1795 	arrange(selmon);
   1796 }
   1797 
   1798 void
   1799 togglefloating(const Arg *arg)
   1800 {
   1801 	if (!selmon->sel)
   1802 		return;
   1803 	if (selmon->sel->isfullscreen) /* no support for fullscreen windows */
   1804 		return;
   1805 	selmon->sel->isfloating = !selmon->sel->isfloating || selmon->sel->isfixed;
   1806 	if (selmon->sel->isfloating)
   1807 		resize(selmon->sel, selmon->sel->x, selmon->sel->y,
   1808 			selmon->sel->w, selmon->sel->h, 0);
   1809 	arrange(selmon);
   1810 }
   1811 
   1812 void
   1813 toggletag(const Arg *arg)
   1814 {
   1815 	unsigned int newtags;
   1816 
   1817 	if (!selmon->sel)
   1818 		return;
   1819 	newtags = selmon->sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
   1820 	if (newtags) {
   1821 		selmon->sel->tags = newtags;
   1822 		focus(NULL);
   1823 		arrange(selmon);
   1824 	}
   1825 }
   1826 
   1827 void
   1828 toggleview(const Arg *arg)
   1829 {
   1830 	unsigned int newtagset = selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
   1831 
   1832 	if (newtagset) {
   1833 		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = newtagset;
   1834 		focus(NULL);
   1835 		arrange(selmon);
   1836 	}
   1837 }
   1838 
   1839 void
   1840 unfocus(Client *c, int setfocus)
   1841 {
   1842 	if (!c)
   1843 		return;
   1844 	grabbuttons(c, 0);
   1845 	XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, scheme[SchemeNorm][ColBorder].pixel);
   1846 	if (setfocus) {
   1847 		XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
   1848 		XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetActiveWindow]);
   1849 	}
   1850 }
   1851 
   1852 void
   1853 unmanage(Client *c, int destroyed)
   1854 {
   1855 	Monitor *m = c->mon;
   1856 	XWindowChanges wc;
   1857 
   1858 	if (c->swallowing) {
   1859 		unswallow(c);
   1860 		return;
   1861 	}
   1862 
   1863 	Client *s = swallowingclient(c->win);
   1864 	if (s) {
   1865 		free(s->swallowing);
   1866 		s->swallowing = NULL;
   1867 		arrange(m);
   1868 		focus(NULL);
   1869 		return;
   1870 	}
   1871 
   1872 	detach(c);
   1873 	detachstack(c);
   1874 	if (!destroyed) {
   1875 		wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
   1876 		XGrabServer(dpy); /* avoid race conditions */
   1877 		XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
   1878 		XSelectInput(dpy, c->win, NoEventMask);
   1879 		XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
   1880 		XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
   1881 		setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
   1882 		XSync(dpy, False);
   1883 		XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
   1884 		XUngrabServer(dpy);
   1885 	}
   1886 	free(c);
   1887 
   1888 	if (!s) {
   1889 		arrange(m);
   1890 		focus(NULL);
   1891 		updateclientlist();
   1892 	}
   1893 }
   1894 
   1895 void
   1896 unmapnotify(XEvent *e)
   1897 {
   1898 	Client *c;
   1899 	XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
   1900 
   1901 	if ((c = wintoclient(ev->window))) {
   1902 		if (ev->send_event)
   1903 			setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
   1904 		else
   1905 			unmanage(c, 0);
   1906 	}
   1907 }
   1908 
   1909 void
   1910 updatebars(void)
   1911 {
   1912 	Monitor *m;
   1913 	XSetWindowAttributes wa = {
   1914 		.override_redirect = True,
   1915 		.background_pixmap = ParentRelative,
   1916 		.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask
   1917 	};
   1918 	XClassHint ch = {"dwm", "dwm"};
   1919 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
   1920 		if (m->barwin)
   1921 			continue;
   1922 		m->barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, m->wx, m->by, m->ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
   1923 				CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
   1924 				CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
   1925 		XDefineCursor(dpy, m->barwin, cursor[CurNormal]->cursor);
   1926 		XMapRaised(dpy, m->barwin);
   1927 		XSetClassHint(dpy, m->barwin, &ch);
   1928 	}
   1929 }
   1930 
   1931 void
   1932 updatebarpos(Monitor *m)
   1933 {
   1934 	m->wy = m->my;
   1935 	m->wh = m->mh;
   1936 	if (m->showbar) {
   1937 		m->wh -= bh;
   1938 		m->by = m->topbar ? m->wy : m->wy + m->wh;
   1939 		m->wy = m->topbar ? m->wy + bh : m->wy;
   1940 	} else
   1941 		m->by = -bh;
   1942 }
   1943 
   1944 void
   1945 updateclientlist(void)
   1946 {
   1947 	Client *c;
   1948 	Monitor *m;
   1949 
   1950 	XDeleteProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList]);
   1951 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
   1952 		for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
   1953 			XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetClientList],
   1954 				XA_WINDOW, 32, PropModeAppend,
   1955 				(unsigned char *) &(c->win), 1);
   1956 }
   1957 
   1958 int
   1959 updategeom(void)
   1960 {
   1961 	int dirty = 0;
   1962 
   1963 #ifdef XINERAMA
   1964 	if (XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
   1965 		int i, j, n, nn;
   1966 		Client *c;
   1967 		Monitor *m;
   1968 		XineramaScreenInfo *info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &nn);
   1969 		XineramaScreenInfo *unique = NULL;
   1970 
   1971 		for (n = 0, m = mons; m; m = m->next, n++);
   1972 		/* only consider unique geometries as separate screens */
   1973 		unique = ecalloc(nn, sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo));
   1974 		for (i = 0, j = 0; i < nn; i++)
   1975 			if (isuniquegeom(unique, j, &info[i]))
   1976 				memcpy(&unique[j++], &info[i], sizeof(XineramaScreenInfo));
   1977 		XFree(info);
   1978 		nn = j;
   1979 
   1980 		/* new monitors if nn > n */
   1981 		for (i = n; i < nn; i++) {
   1982 			for (m = mons; m && m->next; m = m->next);
   1983 			if (m)
   1984 				m->next = createmon();
   1985 			else
   1986 				mons = createmon();
   1987 		}
   1988 		for (i = 0, m = mons; i < nn && m; m = m->next, i++)
   1989 			if (i >= n
   1990 			|| unique[i].x_org != m->mx || unique[i].y_org != m->my
   1991 			|| unique[i].width != m->mw || unique[i].height != m->mh)
   1992 			{
   1993 				dirty = 1;
   1994 				m->num = i;
   1995 				m->mx = m->wx = unique[i].x_org;
   1996 				m->my = m->wy = unique[i].y_org;
   1997 				m->mw = m->ww = unique[i].width;
   1998 				m->mh = m->wh = unique[i].height;
   1999 				updatebarpos(m);
   2000 			}
   2001 		/* removed monitors if n > nn */
   2002 		for (i = nn; i < n; i++) {
   2003 			for (m = mons; m && m->next; m = m->next);
   2004 			while ((c = m->clients)) {
   2005 				dirty = 1;
   2006 				m->clients = c->next;
   2007 				detachstack(c);
   2008 				c->mon = mons;
   2009 				attach(c);
   2010 				attachstack(c);
   2011 			}
   2012 			if (m == selmon)
   2013 				selmon = mons;
   2014 			cleanupmon(m);
   2015 		}
   2016 		free(unique);
   2017 	} else
   2018 #endif /* XINERAMA */
   2019 	{ /* default monitor setup */
   2020 		if (!mons)
   2021 			mons = createmon();
   2022 		if (mons->mw != sw || mons->mh != sh) {
   2023 			dirty = 1;
   2024 			mons->mw = mons->ww = sw;
   2025 			mons->mh = mons->wh = sh;
   2026 			updatebarpos(mons);
   2027 		}
   2028 	}
   2029 	if (dirty) {
   2030 		selmon = mons;
   2031 		selmon = wintomon(root);
   2032 	}
   2033 	return dirty;
   2034 }
   2035 
   2036 void
   2037 updatenumlockmask(void)
   2038 {
   2039 	unsigned int i, j;
   2040 	XModifierKeymap *modmap;
   2041 
   2042 	numlockmask = 0;
   2043 	modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
   2044 	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
   2045 		for (j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
   2046 			if (modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
   2047 				== XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
   2048 				numlockmask = (1 << i);
   2049 	XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
   2050 }
   2051 
   2052 void
   2053 updatesizehints(Client *c)
   2054 {
   2055 	long msize;
   2056 	XSizeHints size;
   2057 
   2058 	if (!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
   2059 		/* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
   2060 		size.flags = PSize;
   2061 	if (size.flags & PBaseSize) {
   2062 		c->basew = size.base_width;
   2063 		c->baseh = size.base_height;
   2064 	} else if (size.flags & PMinSize) {
   2065 		c->basew = size.min_width;
   2066 		c->baseh = size.min_height;
   2067 	} else
   2068 		c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
   2069 	if (size.flags & PResizeInc) {
   2070 		c->incw = size.width_inc;
   2071 		c->inch = size.height_inc;
   2072 	} else
   2073 		c->incw = c->inch = 0;
   2074 	if (size.flags & PMaxSize) {
   2075 		c->maxw = size.max_width;
   2076 		c->maxh = size.max_height;
   2077 	} else
   2078 		c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
   2079 	if (size.flags & PMinSize) {
   2080 		c->minw = size.min_width;
   2081 		c->minh = size.min_height;
   2082 	} else if (size.flags & PBaseSize) {
   2083 		c->minw = size.base_width;
   2084 		c->minh = size.base_height;
   2085 	} else
   2086 		c->minw = c->minh = 0;
   2087 	if (size.flags & PAspect) {
   2088 		c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / size.min_aspect.x;
   2089 		c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / size.max_aspect.y;
   2090 	} else
   2091 		c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
   2092 	c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->maxh && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
   2093 	c->hintsvalid = 1;
   2094 }
   2095 
   2096 void
   2097 updatestatus(void)
   2098 {
   2099 	if (!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, stext, sizeof(stext)))
   2100 		strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
   2101 	drawbar(selmon);
   2102 }
   2103 
   2104 void
   2105 updatetitle(Client *c)
   2106 {
   2107 	if (!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
   2108 		gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
   2109 	if (c->name[0] == '\0') /* hack to mark broken clients */
   2110 		strcpy(c->name, broken);
   2111 }
   2112 
   2113 void
   2114 updatewindowtype(Client *c)
   2115 {
   2116 	Atom state = getatomprop(c, netatom[NetWMState]);
   2117 	Atom wtype = getatomprop(c, netatom[NetWMWindowType]);
   2118 
   2119 	if (state == netatom[NetWMFullscreen])
   2120 		setfullscreen(c, 1);
   2121 	if (wtype == netatom[NetWMWindowTypeDialog])
   2122 		c->isfloating = 1;
   2123 }
   2124 
   2125 void
   2126 updatewmhints(Client *c)
   2127 {
   2128 	XWMHints *wmh;
   2129 
   2130 	if ((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
   2131 		if (c == selmon->sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
   2132 			wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
   2133 			XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
   2134 		} else
   2135 			c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? 1 : 0;
   2136 		if (wmh->flags & InputHint)
   2137 			c->neverfocus = !wmh->input;
   2138 		else
   2139 			c->neverfocus = 0;
   2140 		XFree(wmh);
   2141 	}
   2142 }
   2143 
   2144 void
   2145 view(const Arg *arg)
   2146 {
   2147 	if ((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags])
   2148 		return;
   2149 	selmon->seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
   2150 	if (arg->ui & TAGMASK)
   2151 		selmon->tagset[selmon->seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
   2152 	focus(NULL);
   2153 	arrange(selmon);
   2154 }
   2155 
   2156 pid_t
   2157 winpid(Window w)
   2158 {
   2159 
   2160 	pid_t result = 0;
   2161 
   2162 #ifdef __linux__
   2163 	xcb_res_client_id_spec_t spec = {0};
   2164 	spec.client = w;
   2165 	spec.mask = XCB_RES_CLIENT_ID_MASK_LOCAL_CLIENT_PID;
   2166 
   2167 	xcb_generic_error_t *e = NULL;
   2168 	xcb_res_query_client_ids_cookie_t c = xcb_res_query_client_ids(xcon, 1, &spec);
   2169 	xcb_res_query_client_ids_reply_t *r = xcb_res_query_client_ids_reply(xcon, c, &e);
   2170 
   2171 	if (!r)
   2172 		return (pid_t)0;
   2173 
   2174 	xcb_res_client_id_value_iterator_t i = xcb_res_query_client_ids_ids_iterator(r);
   2175 	for (; i.rem; xcb_res_client_id_value_next(&i)) {
   2176 		spec = i.data->spec;
   2177 		if (spec.mask & XCB_RES_CLIENT_ID_MASK_LOCAL_CLIENT_PID) {
   2178 			uint32_t *t = xcb_res_client_id_value_value(i.data);
   2179 			result = *t;
   2180 			break;
   2181 		}
   2182 	}
   2183 
   2184 	free(r);
   2185 
   2186 	if (result == (pid_t)-1)
   2187 		result = 0;
   2188 
   2189 #endif /* __linux__ */
   2190 
   2191 #ifdef __OpenBSD__
   2192         Atom type;
   2193         int format;
   2194         unsigned long len, bytes;
   2195         unsigned char *prop;
   2196         pid_t ret;
   2197 
   2198         if (XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_PID", 0), 0, 1, False, AnyPropertyType, &type, &format, &len, &bytes, &prop) != Success || !prop)
   2199                return 0;
   2200 
   2201         ret = *(pid_t*)prop;
   2202         XFree(prop);
   2203         result = ret;
   2204 
   2205 #endif /* __OpenBSD__ */
   2206 	return result;
   2207 }
   2208 
   2209 pid_t
   2210 getparentprocess(pid_t p)
   2211 {
   2212 	unsigned int v = 0;
   2213 
   2214 #ifdef __linux__
   2215 	FILE *f;
   2216 	char buf[256];
   2217 	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf) - 1, "/proc/%u/stat", (unsigned)p);
   2218 
   2219 	if (!(f = fopen(buf, "r")))
   2220 		return 0;
   2221 
   2222 	fscanf(f, "%*u %*s %*c %u", &v);
   2223 	fclose(f);
   2224 #endif /* __linux__*/
   2225 
   2226 #ifdef __OpenBSD__
   2227 	int n;
   2228 	kvm_t *kd;
   2229 	struct kinfo_proc *kp;
   2230 
   2231 	kd = kvm_openfiles(NULL, NULL, NULL, KVM_NO_FILES, NULL);
   2232 	if (!kd)
   2233 		return 0;
   2234 
   2235 	kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, KERN_PROC_PID, p, sizeof(*kp), &n);
   2236 	v = kp->p_ppid;
   2237 #endif /* __OpenBSD__ */
   2238 
   2239 	return (pid_t)v;
   2240 }
   2241 
   2242 int
   2243 isdescprocess(pid_t p, pid_t c)
   2244 {
   2245 	while (p != c && c != 0)
   2246 		c = getparentprocess(c);
   2247 
   2248 	return (int)c;
   2249 }
   2250 
   2251 Client *
   2252 termforwin(const Client *w)
   2253 {
   2254 	Client *c;
   2255 	Monitor *m;
   2256 
   2257 	if (!w->pid || w->isterminal)
   2258 		return NULL;
   2259 
   2260 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
   2261 		for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next) {
   2262 			if (c->isterminal && !c->swallowing && c->pid && isdescprocess(c->pid, w->pid))
   2263 				return c;
   2264 		}
   2265 	}
   2266 
   2267 	return NULL;
   2268 }
   2269 
   2270 Client *
   2271 swallowingclient(Window w)
   2272 {
   2273 	Client *c;
   2274 	Monitor *m;
   2275 
   2276 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next) {
   2277 		for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next) {
   2278 			if (c->swallowing && c->swallowing->win == w)
   2279 				return c;
   2280 		}
   2281 	}
   2282 
   2283 	return NULL;
   2284 }
   2285 
   2286 Client *
   2287 wintoclient(Window w)
   2288 {
   2289 	Client *c;
   2290 	Monitor *m;
   2291 
   2292 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
   2293 		for (c = m->clients; c; c = c->next)
   2294 			if (c->win == w)
   2295 				return c;
   2296 	return NULL;
   2297 }
   2298 
   2299 Monitor *
   2300 wintomon(Window w)
   2301 {
   2302 	int x, y;
   2303 	Client *c;
   2304 	Monitor *m;
   2305 
   2306 	if (w == root && getrootptr(&x, &y))
   2307 		return recttomon(x, y, 1, 1);
   2308 	for (m = mons; m; m = m->next)
   2309 		if (w == m->barwin)
   2310 			return m;
   2311 	if ((c = wintoclient(w)))
   2312 		return c->mon;
   2313 	return selmon;
   2314 }
   2315 
   2316 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
   2317  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's). Other types of errors call Xlibs
   2318  * default error handler, which may call exit. */
   2319 int
   2320 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee)
   2321 {
   2322 	if (ee->error_code == BadWindow
   2323 	|| (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
   2324 	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
   2325 	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
   2326 	|| (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
   2327 	|| (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
   2328 	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
   2329 	|| (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
   2330 	|| (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
   2331 		return 0;
   2332 	fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
   2333 		ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
   2334 	return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
   2335 }
   2336 
   2337 int
   2338 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee)
   2339 {
   2340 	return 0;
   2341 }
   2342 
   2343 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
   2344  * is already running. */
   2345 int
   2346 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee)
   2347 {
   2348 	die("dwm: another window manager is already running");
   2349 	return -1;
   2350 }
   2351 
   2352 void
   2353 zoom(const Arg *arg)
   2354 {
   2355 	Client *c = selmon->sel;
   2356 
   2357 	if (!selmon->lt[selmon->sellt]->arrange || !c || c->isfloating)
   2358 		return;
   2359 	if (c == nexttiled(selmon->clients) && !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
   2360 		return;
   2361 	pop(c);
   2362 }
   2363 
   2364 int
   2365 main(int argc, char *argv[])
   2366 {
   2367 	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
   2368 		die("dwm-"VERSION);
   2369 	else if (argc != 1)
   2370 		die("usage: dwm [-v]");
   2371 	if (!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
   2372 		fputs("warning: no locale support\n", stderr);
   2373 	if (!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
   2374 		die("dwm: cannot open display");
   2375 	if (!(xcon = XGetXCBConnection(dpy)))
   2376 		die("dwm: cannot get xcb connection\n");
   2377 	checkotherwm();
   2378 	setup();
   2379 #ifdef __OpenBSD__
   2380 	if (pledge("stdio rpath proc exec ps", NULL) == -1)
   2381 		die("pledge");
   2382 #endif /* __OpenBSD__ */
   2383 	scan();
   2384 	run();
   2385 	cleanup();
   2386 	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
   2387 	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
   2388 }